Skip to content
RarestPlaces
Snow and glaciers cover the dark rock of Rongé Island above an iceberg and calm water off the Antarctic Peninsula

Antarctica

How to plan a trip to Antarctica: which trip suits you, which region to visit, how to get there, when to go, how long it takes and what it costs.

owamux, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0

Can you visit Antarctica, and how?

Yes, with a tour operator: 85,195 tourists went ashore in 2025-26. Most sail from Ushuaia, Argentina, across the Drake Passage to the Antarctic Peninsula on voyages of 10 days or more between October and April; others fly from Chile to King George Island. Late December to January is best for most. 2026-27 fares start at $7,050 for a shared cabin; the South Pole costs from $66,750.

Facts checked October 15, 2026 against 38 sources.

Antarctica at a glance

Map showing AntarcticaAntarctica, 90°00′S, 0°00′EAntarcticaAntarctic Peninsula, 64°30′S, 62°30′WAntarctic PeninsulaRoss Sea, 75°00′S, 178°00′ERoss SeaSouth Georgia, 54°21′S, 36°39′WSouth GeorgiaWeddell Sea, 71°00′S, 45°00′WWeddell Sea
  1. July: no trips
  2. August: no trips
  3. September: no trips
  4. October: in season
  5. November: in season
  6. December: in season
  7. January: in season
  8. February: in season
  9. March: in season
  10. April: in season
  11. May: no trips
  12. June: no trips

Best Season

Type
Region
Season
Tourist voyages run between October and April, the southern summer. Emperor penguin voyages sail in November and December, and the Ross Sea is open from about mid-December to early March.
Getting there
Most visitors sail from Ushuaia, Argentina, crossing the Drake Passage in about two days each way. Fly-cruises fly from Chile to King George Island, Ross Sea voyages leave from New Zealand or Hobart, and flights to the interior leave from Punta Arenas or Cape Town.
Wildlife
Adélie and gentoo penguins on the Peninsula; emperor penguins at Snow Hill Island, Gould Bay and in the Ross Sea; about 450,000 pairs of king penguins on South Georgia; seals, whales and seabirds at sea.
Landings
Ships carrying more than 500 passengers may not land anyone, and many sites set lower limits: Paulet Island takes ships of up to 200, with 100 people ashore at a time. Operators handle the paperwork; South Georgia charges a £250 entry permit.

Antarctica is the ice-covered continent around the South Pole: about 5.4 million square miles (14 million km²), 98% of it under an ice sheet, and the coldest, windiest and driest continent on Earth.1 You can visit it: 85,195 tourists went ashore in the 2025-26 season, almost all of them on expedition ships to the Antarctic Peninsula from Ushuaia between October and April.2 This page is the map of the whole trip: which kind of trip suits you, which part of Antarctica to go to, how you get there, when to go, what it costs and which page has the detail.

Can you visit Antarctica?

Yes, on a trip run by a tour operator. In 2025-26, 85,195 passengers made landings, about 6% more than the 80,455 of the season before, and another 27,217 saw Antarctica from big cruise ships that do not land.2 Members of IAATO, the tour operators' association, run 98% of all Antarctic tourism; their visitors came from 127 nationalities, and 45.9% of passengers from 2021 to 2025 were from the United States.2

You do not need a visa for Antarctica itself, though depending on your passport you may need one for the country you leave from, usually Argentina or Chile.3 You do not apply for a permit either: your operator notifies its national authority (in the US, the Department of State) and files an environmental impact assessment for the trip.3 South Georgia is the exception, with its own entry permit of £250 per person from July 2026, which operators can buy for you.4 Our guide to Antarctica visitor rules covers what you may and may not do ashore.

Which Antarctica trip is right for you?

For a first visit, a 10 to 12 day voyage to the Peninsula on a ship carrying 200 passengers or fewer, which can use every landing site; some, such as Paulet Island, turn bigger ships away.22 Every other kind of traveler has a better starting point, listed here with the lowest 2026-27 fare we found on the operators' own pages in October 2026, per person sharing.

If you wantGo forFares fromRead next
A first trip with the most time ashoreA 10 to 12 day Peninsula voyage from Ushuaia on a small ship$15,095 for Quark's 11-day Antarctic Explorer on Ocean Explorer, November 12, 20267How to choose an Antarctica cruise, Antarctic Peninsula
The lowest priceA berth in a shared cabin late in the season$7,050 on Oceanwide's Plancius, March 26, 20276Cheapest way to Antarctica, trip cost
Fewer days at sea, or less seasicknessA fly-cruise from Chile to King George Island$9,000 for Silversea's 9-day sail one way, fly the other (October 20, 2026); $13,000 for its 6-day trip that flies both ways819Fly or sail the Drake Passage, Drake Passage
Comfort firstA suite with a balcony on a luxury line$10,300 for a Veranda suite on the same Silversea voyage, with hotel nights, charter flights, food and drinks included8Balcony cabins, luxury cruises, Silversea
King penguins and more wildlifeAdd South Georgia and the Falkland Islands$12,575 for a man's berth on Oceanwide's 19-day voyage, November 23, 2026126South Georgia, Grytviken, king penguin
Emperor penguinsA November or December helicopter voyage to Snow Hill Island, or a flight to the Gould Bay colony$12,100 for Oceanwide's 11-day voyage, helicopters included, though ice can stop the flights; $64,595 for ALE's 9-day Gould Bay trip63625Emperor penguin, Weddell Sea
Shackleton and polar historyElephant Island, the Weddell Sea and Shackleton's grave at Grytviken, or the explorers' huts of the Ross Sea$11,700 for Oceanwide's 15-day Elephant Island, Weddell Sea and Polar Circle voyage, March 12, 20276Weddell Sea, Ross Sea
To cross the Antarctic CircleA Peninsula voyage two to four days longer than usual$11,000 for a man's berth on Oceanwide's 13-day Polar Circle voyage, March 6, 20276Antarctic Circle
Kayaking, camping and hikingA voyage with the activities built in$10,150 for Oceanwide's 13-day Basecamp, which includes them, though every cabin was waitlisted6Kayaking and camping
The far side, with few other visitorsThe Ross Sea, three to five weeks from New Zealand, Hobart or Ushuaia$30,725 for Swan Hellenic's 33-day crossing from Ushuaia on SH Minerva15Ross Sea
The South PoleA flight from Punta Arenas or Cape Town$66,750 for ALE's 6-day trip17The South Pole section below
Just to see it from the deckA big cruise ship that sails past without landing$5,569 for Holland America's 22-day Oosterdam cruise, February 1, 2027, inside cabin, taxes included; IAATO lists the ship as cruise-only322Big-ship Antarctica cruises, cheapest way to Antarctica

Several of the cheapest fares are single berths sold by gender: the $7,050 Plancius berths were open to women only when we read the page, and a shared berth for men cost $8,700.6

Where can you go in Antarctica?

Most visitors go to one region: 98% of tourist voyages operate around the Antarctic Peninsula.2 The others take longer voyages or a plane. The lowest 2026-27 fares we found on operators' own pages in October 2026, per person sharing:

RegionHow you get thereDaysLowest fares we found
Antarctic Peninsula and the South Shetland IslandsShip from Ushuaia, about two days each way across the Drake Passage; or fly from Chile to King George Island and board there10 to 16 days by sea, with 4 to 9 days in Antarctica; 6 to 11 days as a fly-cruise$7,050 for a shared four-berth cabin on Plancius, March 26, 2027, no flights; $8,830 for HX's 12-day trip with flights from Buenos Aires, October 30, 2026; fly-cruises from $9,000 (Silversea, October 20, 2026)561011819207
Weddell SeaShip from Ushuaia through the Antarctic Sound; helicopters to the Snow Hill emperor colony11 to 16 days; 28 for the deep south$10,863 (HX, 16 days from Buenos Aires, March 4, 2027); helicopter emperor voyages from $12,100 (Oceanwide, 11 days)116
South Georgia, with GrytvikenShip from Ushuaia, Punta Arenas or Puerto Williams, usually with the Falklands and the PeninsulaUsually 18 to 23 days with the Peninsula, 15 on Silversea's shortest; 24 on Oceanwide's Atlantic Odyssey, which skips Antarctica$12,575 with the Peninsula (Oceanwide, 19 days, November 23, 2026, the last male berth in a shared triple); $9,450 without Antarctica (Oceanwide's 24-day Atlantic Odyssey, April 4, 2027)12630713
Falkland IslandsA stop on Peninsula and South Georgia voyages13 to 19 days with the Peninsula$10,485 (HX, 19 days, Buenos Aires to Montevideo, March 19, 2027)1431
Ross SeaShip from New Zealand or Hobart, or a one-way crossing from Ushuaia22 to 34 days$30,725 (Swan Hellenic, Ushuaia to Dunedin, 33 days, February 3, 2027); from New Zealand, $33,075 (Heritage Expeditions, 28 days, waitlisted)15162138
Interior and South PoleFlights from Punta Arenas or Cape Town to ice runways and campsA day to 9 days; 6 to 8 for the South PoleSouth Pole from $66,750 (ALE, 6 days) to $95,000 (White Desert, 8 days); Gould Bay emperors $64,595 (ALE, 9 days); a day trip from Cape Town $16,500171825

Many of these fares leave out flights to the gateway town; each region's page says which include them, and our Antarctica trip cost guide covers the full range.

How do you get to Antarctica?

By ship from the tip of South America, by a short flight from Chile, or, for the Ross Sea and the interior, from New Zealand, Australia or South Africa. Most cruises leave from Ushuaia in Argentina, Punta Arenas in Chile or Montevideo in Uruguay; the few Ross Sea cruises leave from Hobart, Lyttelton or Bluff, and some repositioning voyages start or end in Cape Town.3

Our how to get to Antarctica guide covers each route step by step.

When is the best time to visit Antarctica?

Late December to late January is the best time for most travelers, the pick of our best time to visit Antarctica guide, which weighs penguin chicks, whales, daylight and fares month by month. The season itself runs from October to April, the southern summer, when almost all tourist voyages operate.2 Even then it is cold: Palmer Station on the Peninsula averages about 36°F (2°C) in summer.1 Some trips keep their own calendar: emperor penguin voyages to Snow Hill Island sail in November and December, and Ross Sea voyages run from mid-December to early March.763715 For temperatures, see Antarctica weather by month.

How much does a trip to Antarctica cost?

From $7,050 per person for a shared cabin on a 10-day voyage from Ushuaia, to $15,000 to $20,000 for Quark's classic 11-day trip in a cabin for two or three, and over $30,000 for the Ross Sea or $66,000 for the South Pole.671517 The lowest fares we found for 2026-27:

  • Cheapest overall: $7,050 for a berth in a shared quad on Oceanwide's 10-day whale-watching voyage on Plancius, March 26, 2027; flights to Ushuaia not included.56
  • A classic trip: $15,095 for a Triple Suite on Quark Expeditions' 11-day Antarctic Explorer on Ocean Explorer, November 12, 2026.7
  • Flying the Drake: from $9,000 on a Silversea last-minute fare (paid in full, non-refundable) for a 9-day trip on October 20, 2026, including a Santiago hotel night and charter flights.8
  • Without landing at all: $5,569 on a big Holland America ship that cruises past.32

Read the Antarctica trip cost guide for what the fare includes, the cheapest way to Antarctica for budget options, and Antarctica cruises with a balcony or luxury Antarctica cruises if comfort comes first.

How many days do you need for Antarctica?

At least 10 days from Ushuaia, because the Drake crossing takes about four of them: Oceanwide's 10-day voyage and Quark's 11-day voyage each give about 4 days in Antarctica.59 A fly-cruise fits the Peninsula into 6 to 11 days.19207 Adding South Georgia and the Falklands takes 19 to 23 days, though Silversea reaches South Georgia and the Peninsula in 15 days from Puerto Williams by skipping the Falklands.12730 The Ross Sea needs three to five weeks.152138 For help choosing, see how many days you need in Antarctica.

Which ship should you choose for Antarctica?

A small one if you want to go ashore often. IAATO sorts ships by size: those carrying 13 to 200 passengers and 201 to 500 passengers make landings, but ships carrying more than 500 may not land anyone and are cruise-only.3 Many landing sites also set their own limits; Paulet Island, for example, takes only ships with up to 200 passengers on board, with 100 people ashore at a time.22

Where to go next:

What animals will you see in Antarctica?

Penguins, seals, whales and seabirds; on land, Antarctica's only native animals are microscopic ones such as mites and worms, plus insects, but the Southern Ocean around it is full of life.1 Which penguins you see depends on where you go:

  • Adélie and gentoo penguins breed at Peninsula landings such as Brown Bluff.23 See gentoo, chinstrap and Adélie penguins.
  • Emperor penguins are seen by helicopter at Snow Hill Island in the Weddell Sea and by plane at Gould Bay; the largest colonies, of more than 15,000 breeding pairs, are in the Weddell and Ross seas.242526
  • King penguins breed on South Georgia, about 450,000 pairs of them.27

Our guides to penguin species, whales of Antarctica and wildlife of Antarctica go species by species.

What is Antarctica like?

Colder and drier than anywhere else on Earth, but milder on the Peninsula, where most tourists go. The continent's average elevation is over 6,500 feet (2,000 m), its ice sheet holds about 7 million cubic miles (29 million km³) of ice, and it gets only about 2 inches of precipitation a year, which makes it the driest place on Earth and, by that measure, a desert.1 Temperatures vary hugely by place:

PlaceSummerWinter
Palmer Station, Antarctic Peninsula36°F (2°C) average14°F (-10°C) average
McMurdo Station, Ross IslandUp to 46°F (8°C) at warmest; 0°F (-18°C) year-round meanDown to -58°F (-50°C)
South Pole, 9,300 feet (2,835 m) up-18°F (-28°C) monthly average-76°F (-60°C) monthly average

Source: US Antarctic Program.1 The lowest temperature ever recorded on Earth, -128.6°F (-89.2°C), was measured at Vostok, in the interior, on July 21, 1983, while the highest for the Antarctic mainland and its nearby islands, 64.9°F (18.3°C), was recorded at Argentina's Esperanza station on the Peninsula on February 6, 2020.28 Plant life is mostly algae, lichens and mosses, with only a few known flowering plants.1

Do people live in Antarctica?

Yes, but only at research stations; there are no cities or towns. The largest station on the continent is McMurdo, run by the US on Ross Island, with up to 1,100 people in a summer week and up to 200 in winter.33 New Zealand's Scott Base nearby holds up to 130 people in summer and about 12 who stay for the winter, and the US also runs stations at the South Pole and at Palmer, on the Peninsula.351 Mount Erebus, at 12,448 feet (3,794 m) the world's southernmost historically active volcano, overlooks McMurdo.34

Tourists can sometimes visit McMurdo and Scott Base on a Ross Sea voyage: Heritage Expeditions says both are always on its wish list, but ice, weather and the national programs' icebreaker work sometimes prevent a visit.16

Who owns Antarctica?

No one country. Seven countries (Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, New Zealand, Norway and the United Kingdom) claim parts of it, sometimes overlapping, but other countries do not recognize the claims, and the Antarctic Treaty freezes them: no new or larger claim may be made while it is in force.29 The treaty was signed in Washington on December 1, 1959 by 12 countries, came into force in 1961, and now has 58 parties; it reserves Antarctica for peaceful purposes only and bans military bases.29 The rules that govern your landing, from wildlife distances to visitor limits at each site, come from the countries that run the treaty system.322

Can you go to the South Pole?

Yes, by plane, if you can pay. ALE's 6-day South Pole trip flies from Punta Arenas to its Union Glacier camp and on to the Pole, at $66,750; of its 2026-27 departures, December 12 and January 16 were full and December 30 available when we read the page.17 White Desert's South Pole and Penguins trip, from Cape Town, costs $95,000 in its Explorer Camp, and the company says the South Pole is visited by fewer than 500 people each year.18 For a taste of the interior without the Pole, White Desert also sells a day trip from Cape Town for $16,500, and ALE flies guests to the Gould Bay emperor colony on the Weddell Sea for $64,595.1825

Voyages that visit Antarctica

Landings depend on weather and ice, so no operator can promise a specific site.

  • Antarctica: Whale Watching (Plancius)

    Oceanwide Expeditions · Plancius · 10 days · from Ushuaia, Argentina · Sail both ways · March

    Fare details

    Lowest published fare, one berth in a shared quadruple porthole cabin on Plancius, Mar 26, 2027 (two female berths showing when read); a twin porthole is $8,700 per person (one male berth showing); can be combined with the Atlantic Odyssey at 10% off; flights to Ushuaia not included; read Oct 15, 2026

    from $7,050about $705 a day

    View

  • Antarctica: Whale Watching Discovery and Learning Voyage (Ortelius)

    Oceanwide Expeditions · Ortelius · 11 days · from Ushuaia, Argentina · Sail both ways · March

    Fare details

    Lowest published fare, one berth in a shared quadruple porthole cabin on Ortelius, Mar 18, 2027 (one female berth showing when read); a twin porthole is $9,650 per person; flights to Ushuaia not included; read Oct 15, 2026

    from $7,800about $709 a day

    View

  • Antarctica: Whale Watching Discovery and Learning Voyage (Hondius)

    Oceanwide Expeditions · Hondius · 11 days · from Ushuaia, Argentina · Sail both ways · March

    Fare details

    Lowest published fare, one berth in a shared quadruple porthole cabin, Mar 17, 2027 (one female berth showing when read; the Mar 7 departure starts at $9,200); flights to Ushuaia not included; read Oct 14, 2026

    from $7,800about $709 a day

    View

  • Antarctica Classic in Depth (Expedition)

    G Adventures · 13 days · from Ushuaia, Argentina · Sail both ways · November to December

    Fare details

    Lowest fare open to book, per person sharing a Lower Deck Twin, Nov 11, 2026: $8,254.35, Last Minute 35% off until Oct 16, 2026 (regular $12,699); on Dec 1 the cheapest open cabin was an Upper Deck Obstructed View Triple at $8,759.40, 40% off until Oct 31, 2026 (regular $14,599); includes one Ushuaia hotel night, transfers and a parka, not flights; read Oct 15, 2026

    from $8,254about $635 a day

    View

  • Antarctica Classic (Expedition)

    G Adventures · 11 days · from Ushuaia, Argentina · Sail both ways · November to January, March

    Fare details

    Lowest fare open to book, per person sharing a Lower Deck Twin, Mar 22, 2027: $8,559.20, 20% off in G's October Expedition Sale until Oct 31, 2026 (regular $10,699); Lower Deck Triples, from $6,974.25 on Mar 13 (regular $9,299), were waitlisted on every date; includes one Ushuaia hotel night, transfers and a parka, not flights; read Oct 15, 2026

    from $8,559about $778 a day

    View

  • Highlights of Antarctica

    HX Expeditions · Fridtjof Nansen · 12 days · Buenos Aires, Argentina (flight to Ushuaia included) to Buenos Aires, Argentina (flight from Ushuaia included) · Sail both ways · October to March

    Fare details

    Lowest published fare, per person with two sharing, on Fridtjof Nansen, Oct 30, 2026, after HX 130th anniversary discounts (was $10,589; the extra anniversary discount applies only to bookings made by Nov 9, 2026); includes a Buenos Aires hotel night with breakfast, economy flights between Buenos Aires and Ushuaia, drinks and gratuities. Four January and February departures sail on Roald Amundsen instead.

    from $8,830about $736 a day

    View

  • Classic Antarctica, Realm of Penguins and Icebergs (Sea Spirit)

    Poseidon Expeditions · Sea Spirit · 12 days · from Ushuaia, Argentina · Sail both ways · November to December, February

    Fare details

    Lowest published fare, per person in a Triple Suite shared by three, Nov 28, 2026, after a 25% Seasonal Savings discount for new bookings made Oct 1 to Nov 30, 2026 (was $11,795); program days include a hotel night in Ushuaia; drinks package and parka included; flights not included; read Oct 15, 2026

    from $8,846about $737 a day

    View

  • Best of Antarctica's Whale Season (Discoverer)

    Polar Latitudes Expeditions · 12 days · from Ushuaia, Argentina · Sail both ways · March

    Fare details

    Lowest fare, per person sharing a two-bed Ocean Stateroom, Mar 4, 2027, Explorer's Antarctica Sale price (regular $14,995, no end date shown); a Balcony Stateroom was $9,897; includes one Ushuaia hotel night, not flights; read Oct 15, 2026

    from $8,997about $750 a day

    View

  • Antarctica: Sail & Fly the Drake Passage (9 days, Silver Wind)

    Silversea · 9 days · Puerto Williams, Chile (Santiago hotel night and charter flight from Santiago included) to King George Island, Antarctica (flight to Puerto Williams, a night at The Cormorant at 55 South and the charter to Santiago included) · Fly one way · October to November, January to March

    Fare details

    Silversea's lowest Antarctic fare of the season: $9,000 per guest, two sharing, Oceanview Suite (240 sq ft), Last-Minute fare (paid in full, non-refundable), Oct 20, 2026; Veranda Suites $10,300. Later departures cost $14,300 to $22,400. The same route run the other way (fly south, sail north) starts at $9,700 on Oct 29, 2026. Includes the Santiago hotel night, charter flights, a night at The Cormorant at 55 South, drinks, gratuities, Wi-Fi and expedition activities. Read Oct 15, 2026.

    from $9,000about $1,000 a day

    View

  • Antarctic Peninsula: An Explorer's Expedition (Ocean Nova)

    Intrepid Travel · 11 days · from Ushuaia, Argentina · Sail both ways · November to January

    Fare details

    Lowest fare with space, per person sharing an Explorer Twin, Nov 16, 2026, shown discounted from $12,445 with no end date; the $7,556.25 Quad, sold only to groups of four, had no places; includes one Ushuaia hotel night, not flights; operated by Polar Latitudes; read Oct 15, 2026

    from $9,334about $849 a day

    View

  • Antarctica: Discovery and Learning Voyage (Hondius)

    Oceanwide Expeditions · Hondius · 11 days · from Ushuaia, Argentina · Sail both ways · December to January

    Fare details

    Lowest published fare, one berth in a shared quadruple porthole cabin, Dec 27, 2026 (three female berths showing when read) and Jan 6, 2027 (waitlisted); a twin porthole is $11,900 per person but was waitlisted on Dec 27 and on request on Jan 6; flights to Ushuaia not included; read Oct 14, 2026

    from $9,650about $877 a day

    View

  • Highlights of Antarctica (Roald Amundsen)

    HX Expeditions · Roald Amundsen · 12 days · Buenos Aires, Argentina (flight to Ushuaia included) to Buenos Aires, Argentina (flight from Ushuaia included) · Sail both ways · January to February

    Fare details

    Lowest published fare on Roald Amundsen, per person with two sharing, Jan 9, 2027, after HX 130th anniversary discounts (was $11,773; the extra anniversary discount applies only to bookings made by Nov 9, 2026); Jan 19 and Feb 8 start at $10,141 and Jan 29 at $12,066; read Oct 15, 2026. Includes a Buenos Aires hotel night with breakfast, economy flights between Buenos Aires and Ushuaia, drinks and gratuities; five days in Antarctica.

    from $9,736about $811 a day

    View

  • Antarctic Wonders (SH Diana)

    Swan Hellenic · SH Diana · 10 days · Ushuaia, Argentina (Buenos Aires hotel night and charter flight included) to Ushuaia, Argentina (charter flight to Buenos Aires included) · Sail both ways · November, January to February

    Fare details

    Oceanview stateroom (20 m²) on SH Diana, Nov 12, 2026: $9,800 per person, two sharing (solo travelers pay a single supplement), Cruise Plus fare; read Oct 15, 2026. The listing tags this departure Last Minute but shows no discount or end date. Includes a Buenos Aires hotel night on Nov 11, charter flights from Buenos Aires to Ushuaia and back, all drinks, gratuities, port taxes, entry-level Wi-Fi and a parka to keep. Four Peninsula days are planned. Later SH Diana departures on this route (Nov 21 and 30, Jan 28, Feb 15) show $10,275 to $22,150, and Jan 8 shows Price on request. The lowest Antarctic fare Swan Hellenic shows for 2026-27.

    from $9,800about $980 a day

    View

  • Antarctica: Basecamp, with free camping, kayaking, snowshoeing and mountaineering (Hondius)

    Oceanwide Expeditions · Hondius · 13 days · from Ushuaia, Argentina · Sail both ways · November

    Fare details

    Lowest published fare, one berth in a shared quadruple porthole cabin, Nov 23, 2026 (one female berth showing when read); all Basecamp activities included; flights to Ushuaia not included; read Oct 14, 2026

    from $10,150about $781 a day

    View

  • Antarctica & Falklands Expedition, Buenos Aires to Montevideo

    HX Expeditions · Fridtjof Nansen · 19 days · Buenos Aires, Argentina (flight to Ushuaia included) to Montevideo, Uruguay · Sail both ways · March

    Fare details

    Lowest published fare, per person with two sharing, on Fridtjof Nansen, Mar 19, 2027, after HX 130th anniversary discounts (was $14,398; the extra anniversary discount applies only to bookings made by Nov 9, 2026); includes a Buenos Aires hotel night and a one-way flight to Ushuaia; the ship crosses the Drake both ways, then calls in the Falklands and at Puerto Madryn.

    from $10,485about $552 a day

    View

  • Antarctic Peninsula: An Immersive Odyssey (Ocean Nova)

    Intrepid Travel · 13 days · from Ushuaia, Argentina · Sail both ways · November to December

    Fare details

    Lowest fare with space, per person sharing an Explorer Twin, Nov 25 or Dec 15, 2026, shown discounted from $14,435 with no end date; the $8,771.25 Quad had no places; includes one Ushuaia hotel night, not flights; operated by Polar Latitudes; read Oct 15, 2026

    from $10,826about $833 a day

    View

  • Iconic Antarctica: The Explorer's Route

    HX Expeditions · Roald Amundsen · 16 days · Buenos Aires, Argentina (flight to Ushuaia included) to Buenos Aires, Argentina (flight from Ushuaia included) · Sail both ways · October to December, March

    Fare details

    Lowest published fare, per person with two sharing, on Roald Amundsen, Mar 4, 2027, after HX 130th anniversary discounts (was $13,861; the extra anniversary discount applies only to bookings made by Nov 9, 2026); includes a Buenos Aires hotel night and economy flights between Buenos Aires and Ushuaia. All 2026-27 departures are on Roald Amundsen.

    from $10,863about $679 a day

    View

  • Antarctica: Exploring the Peninsula (10 days, Silver Wind)

    Silversea · 10 days · Puerto Williams, Chile (Santiago hotel night and charter flight from Santiago included) to Puerto Williams, Chile (charter flight to Santiago included) · Sail both ways · December

    Fare details

    $11,000 per guest, two sharing, Oceanview Suite (240 sq ft), Last-Minute fare (paid in full, non-refundable), Dec 12, 2026; Veranda Suites $12,100. All-Inclusive Plus fares (Residence from $31,600) are 25% refundable until Nov 11, 2026. Includes a Santiago hotel night, charter flights to and from Puerto Williams, drinks, gratuities, Wi-Fi and expedition activities; some Antarctic gear is rented at extra cost on voyages that cross the Drake. Read Oct 15, 2026.

    from $11,000about $1,100 a day

    View

  • Antarctica: Polar Circle, Deep South Discovery Voyage (Ortelius)

    Oceanwide Expeditions · Ortelius · 13 days · from Ushuaia, Argentina · Sail both ways · March

    Fare details

    Lowest published fare, one berth in a shared quadruple porthole cabin on Ortelius, Mar 6, 2027 (only male berths offered when read); a twin porthole is $13,550 per person; flights to Ushuaia not included; read Oct 14, 2026

    from $11,000about $846 a day

    View

  • Antarctic Peninsula Expedition Cruise, Including South Shetland Islands

    Heritage Expeditions · 12 days · Ushuaia, Argentina (hotel night included) to Ushuaia, Argentina · Sail both ways · November to January

    Fare details

    Deck 3 Superior Stateroom, per person with two sharing, on Heritage Discoverer, Nov 22 and Dec 2, 2027, after 20% off for bookings made before Oct 30, 2026 (regular $13,650); the Dec 12, 2027 and Jan 10, 2028 departures were sold out. Includes one hotel night with dinner and breakfast, transfers, meals, and house beer, wine and soft drinks with lunch and dinner; excludes flights, kayaking, gratuities and laundry. Read Oct 15, 2026.

    from $11,020about $918 a day

    View

  • Antarctic Peninsula Odyssey (SH Vega)

    Swan Hellenic · SH Vega · 11 days · Ushuaia, Argentina (Buenos Aires hotel night and charter flight included) to Ushuaia, Argentina (charter flight to Buenos Aires included) · Sail both ways · November

    Fare details

    Oceanview stateroom on SH Vega, Nov 24, 2026: $11,425 per person, two sharing (solo travelers pay a single supplement), Cruise Plus fare; read Oct 15, 2026. Includes a Buenos Aires hotel night on Nov 23, charter flights both ways, drinks, gratuities and port taxes. Five Peninsula days are planned. SH Vega's only Odyssey departure and its lowest Antarctic fare in 2026-27; SH Minerva (Dec 17, from $12,950) and SH Diana (Dec 9, 19 and 29, from $14,400) also sail this route.

    from $11,425about $1,039 a day

    View

  • Extended Antarctic Circle Crossing (Ocean Nova)

    Intrepid Travel · 14 days · from Ushuaia, Argentina · Sail both ways · February

    Fare details

    Lowest fare with space, per person sharing an Explorer Twin, Feb 26, 2027, on request, shown discounted from $15,365 with no end date; the $9,333.75 Quad had no places; includes one Ushuaia hotel night, not flights; operated by Polar Latitudes; read Oct 15, 2026

    from $11,524about $823 a day

    View

  • Quest for the Antarctic Circle (Expedition)

    G Adventures · 14 days · from Ushuaia, Argentina · Sail both ways · December, February

    Fare details

    Lowest fare open to book, per person sharing an Upper Deck Obstructed View Triple, Dec 21, 2026: $11,634.35, 35% off in G's October Expedition Sale until Oct 31, 2026 (regular $17,899); includes one Ushuaia hotel night, transfers and a parka, not flights; read Oct 15, 2026

    from $11,634about $831 a day

    View

  • Antarctic Wonders (SH Minerva)

    Swan Hellenic · SH Minerva · 10 days · Ushuaia, Argentina (Buenos Aires hotel night and charter flight included) to Ushuaia, Argentina (charter flight to Buenos Aires included) · Sail both ways · November

    Fare details

    Balcony stateroom (25 m² with a 5 m² balcony) on SH Minerva, Nov 11, 2026: $11,675 per person, two sharing (solo travelers pay a single supplement), Cruise Plus fare; Oceanview showed Price on request; read Oct 15, 2026. Tagged Last Minute with no discount or end date shown. Includes a Buenos Aires hotel night on Nov 10, charter flights between Buenos Aires and Ushuaia both ways, drinks, gratuities and port taxes. Four Peninsula days are planned. SH Minerva's only Antarctic Wonders departure in 2026-27.

    from $11,675about $1,168 a day

    View

  • Antarctica: Elephant Island, Weddell Sea and Polar Circle (Plancius)

    Oceanwide Expeditions · Plancius · 15 days · from Ushuaia, Argentina · Sail both ways · March

    Fare details

    Lowest published fare, one berth in a shared quadruple porthole cabin on Plancius, Mar 12, 2027 (one cabin showing when read); twin porthole berths at $14,350 were waitlisted and a twin window is $15,000 per person; flights to Ushuaia not included; read Oct 15, 2026

    from $11,700about $780 a day

    View

  • Weddell Sea: In Search of the Emperor Penguin, incl. helicopters (Ortelius)

    Oceanwide Expeditions · Ortelius · 11 days · from Ushuaia, Argentina · Sail both ways · November to December

    Fare details

    Lowest published fare, one berth in a shared quadruple porthole cabin on Ortelius, Nov 25 or Dec 5, 2026, shown discounted from $13,450 (the Nov 15 departure was $13,450, down to its last berths); helicopter transfers included, with no flight time guaranteed; flights to Ushuaia not included; read Oct 14, 2026

    from $12,100about $1,100 a day

    View

  • Exploring the Last Continent (World Navigator)

    Atlas Ocean Voyages · World Navigator · 12 days · Ushuaia, Argentina (Buenos Aires hotel night and charter flight to Ushuaia included) to Ushuaia, Argentina (charter flight to Buenos Aires included) · Sail both ways · November, February to March

    Fare details

    Ocean Suite Guarantee (183 sq ft, deck 3; Atlas assigns the exact suite no later than 7 days before departure) on World Navigator, Mar 8, 2027: $12,150 per guest, two sharing, after 25% Bonus Savings, with $605 in government taxes and fees included; a confirmed Veranda Suite was $13,950. Read Oct 15, 2026. Explorer's Choice fares are valid through Dec 31, 2026. Other departures: Nov 17, 2026 (Call for Fares) and Feb 25, 2027 (from $15,799). Includes a Buenos Aires hotel night, charter flights between Buenos Aires and Ushuaia, a Tierra del Fuego National Park coach tour with lunch, and a parka and vest to keep. Six days are planned on the Antarctic Peninsula.

    from $12,150about $1,013 a day

    View

  • Antarctic Peninsula: The Classic Voyage (Discoverer)

    Polar Latitudes Expeditions · 12 days · from Ushuaia, Argentina · Sail both ways · December, February

    Fare details

    Lowest fare open to any guest, per person sharing the last two-bed Ocean Stateroom on the Dec 18, 2026 departure, sale price (regular $17,495); Dec 8 had only one men's shared berth left at $11,547; Feb 9, 2027 from $13,496 in a Porthole Stateroom; includes one Ushuaia hotel night, not flights; read Oct 15, 2026

    from $12,247about $1,021 a day

    View

  • Antarctica & Falklands (16 days, round trip from Buenos Aires)

    HX Expeditions · Roald Amundsen · 16 days · Buenos Aires, Argentina (hotel night and flight to Ushuaia included) to Buenos Aires, Argentina (flight from Ushuaia included) · Sail both ways · November

    Fare details

    Lowest published fare on Roald Amundsen, Nov 28, 2026, the only 2026-27 departure on sale, per person with two sharing, after HX 130th anniversary discounts (was $14,997; the extra anniversary discount applies only to bookings made by Nov 9, 2026); read Oct 15, 2026. Includes a Buenos Aires hotel night with breakfast, economy flights between Buenos Aires and Ushuaia, drinks and gratuities; five days in Antarctica and three in the Falklands.

    from $12,389about $774 a day

    View

  • Falkland Islands, South Georgia and Antarctic Peninsula (Plancius)

    Oceanwide Expeditions · Plancius · 19 days · from Ushuaia, Argentina · Sail both ways · November to December

    Fare details

    Lowest published fare, one male berth in a shared triple porthole cabin on Plancius, Nov 23, 2026 (the $15,100 quadruple berths and every other cabin were waitlisted when read); the Dec 11 birding departure starts at $15,100, waitlisted; South Georgia travel authorization included; flights to Ushuaia not included; read Oct 15, 2026

    from $12,575about $662 a day

    View

  • Antarctica Direct: Fly the Drake Passage (8 days)

    Lindblad Expeditions · National Geographic Explorer · 8 days · Puerto Natales, Chile (flight to King George Island included) to Puerto Natales, Chile (flight from King George Island included) · Fly both ways · November to February

    Fare details

    Lowest published fare: $12,600 per person, Category 1 window cabin, two sharing, on National Geographic Explorer, Nov 25, 2026, made up of $9,600 plus the required $3,000 flights between Puerto Natales and King George Island. That category was sold out when read Oct 14, 2026; the cheapest open cabins were a Category 3 on Nov 25 at $14,060 with flights (three sharing, $12,217 each) and a Category 1 on Dec 14 at $15,589. Includes the flights, a Puerto Natales hotel night before and after, meals, drinks, crew gratuities and kayaking. Other departures start as high as $21,000 with flights.

    from $12,600about $1,575 a day

    View

  • Antarctica: Fly the Drake Passage (6 days, Silver Endeavour)

    Silversea · Silver Endeavour · 6 days · King George Island, Antarctica (Santiago hotel night, charter to Puerto Williams, a night at The Cormorant at 55 South and the flight to King George Island included) to King George Island, Antarctica (flight to Puerto Williams, a night at The Cormorant at 55 South and the charter to Santiago included) · Fly both ways · October to February

    Fare details

    Lowest fare of the season: $13,000 per guest, two sharing, Veranda Suite (355 sq ft), Last-Minute fare (paid in full, non-refundable), Oct 20, 2026. The lowest All-Inclusive Plus fare is $22,400 (Nov 7, 2026); other open departures cost $22,700 to $34,100, and four were waitlisted. Every fare includes the hotel nights and flights from Santiago via Puerto Williams, drinks, gratuities, Wi-Fi, expedition gear and guided Zodiac, hiking and kayaking outings. International flights cost extra. Read Oct 15, 2026.

    from $13,000about $2,167 a day

    View

  • Antarctic Circle Expedition

    HX Expeditions · Roald Amundsen · 16 days · Buenos Aires, Argentina (flight to Ushuaia included) to Buenos Aires, Argentina (flight from Ushuaia included) · Sail both ways · December, February

    Fare details

    Lowest published fare, per person with two sharing, on Roald Amundsen, Dec 26, 2026, after HX 130th anniversary discounts (was $16,469; the extra anniversary discount applies only to bookings made by Nov 9, 2026); the Feb 18, 2027 departure starts at $18,476; includes a Buenos Aires hotel night and economy flights between Buenos Aires and Ushuaia.

    from $13,578about $849 a day

    View

  • Antarctic Discovery (World Navigator)

    Atlas Ocean Voyages · World Navigator · 10 days · Ushuaia, Argentina (Buenos Aires hotel night and charter flight to Ushuaia included) to Ushuaia, Argentina (charter flight to Buenos Aires included) · Sail both ways · November to December, February to March

    Fare details

    Horizon Suite (H1) on World Navigator, Nov 28, 2026: $13,928 per guest, two sharing, after 15% Bonus Savings, with $495 in government taxes and fees included; read Oct 15, 2026. It was the only suite with a fare shown on that date; the others said Call for Fares. Explorer's Choice fares are valid through Dec 31, 2026. Other 9-night World Navigator departures: Nov 8 ($18,299), Dec 27 ($17,899), Feb 5 (Call for Fares) and Mar 19, 2027 ($14,178). Includes a Buenos Aires hotel night, charter flights between Buenos Aires and Ushuaia, a Tierra del Fuego National Park coach tour with lunch, and a parka and vest to keep. Four days are planned on the Antarctic Peninsula.

    from $13,928about $1,393 a day

    View

  • Exploring the Last Continent (World Traveller)

    Atlas Ocean Voyages · World Traveller · 12 days · Ushuaia, Argentina (Buenos Aires hotel night and charter flight to Ushuaia included) to Ushuaia, Argentina (charter flight to Buenos Aires included) · Sail both ways · February to March

    Fare details

    Veranda Suite (V1 or V2) on World Traveller, Mar 2, 2027: $14,114 per guest, two sharing, after 15% Bonus Savings, with $605 in government taxes and fees included; read Oct 15, 2026. Explorer's Choice fares are valid through Dec 31, 2026. The Feb 19 departure starts at $19,599. Includes a Buenos Aires hotel night, charter flights between Buenos Aires and Ushuaia, a Tierra del Fuego National Park coach tour with lunch, and a parka and vest to keep.

    from $14,114about $1,176 a day

    View

  • Antarctica Direct: Sail and Fly the Drake Passage

    Lindblad Expeditions · National Geographic Explorer · 10 days · Ushuaia, Argentina (a reverse version starts in Puerto Natales) to Puerto Natales, Chile (flight from King George Island included) · Fly one way · November to February

    Fare details

    Lowest published fare: $14,500 per person, Category 1 window cabin, two sharing, on National Geographic Explorer, Nov 18, 2026, made up of $13,000 plus the required $1,500 one-way flight from King George Island to Puerto Natales. Category 1 was sold out when read Oct 15, 2026, and only one cabin, a Category 5 at $21,420 with the flight, was left on that departure; Dec 19 and Dec 26 were sold out entirely. The cheapest open cabin was a Category 3 on Jan 7, 2027 at $18,240 with the flight (three sharing, $15,450 each). Includes an Ushuaia hotel night before, a Puerto Natales hotel night after, the flight, meals, drinks, crew gratuities and kayaking. Nine departures, Nov 18, 2026 to Feb 14, 2027; Lindblad publishes the route both ways, and its booking data gives Dec 19, Jan 7, Jan 26 and Feb 14 a different itinerary code from the Ushuaia start, so check the direction when booking; the page headline of $12,250 is a 2027-28 fare.

    from $14,500about $1,450 a day

    View

  • Antarctic Discovery (World Traveller)

    Atlas Ocean Voyages · World Traveller · 10 days · Ushuaia, Argentina (Buenos Aires hotel night and charter flight to Ushuaia included) to Ushuaia, Argentina (charter flight to Buenos Aires included) · Sail both ways · February

    Fare details

    Veranda Suite (V2) on World Traveller, Feb 10, 2027: $14,799 per guest, two sharing, with $495 in government taxes and fees included and no Bonus Savings shown; read Oct 15, 2026. The Feb 1 departure starts at $17,299. Includes a Buenos Aires hotel night, charter flights between Buenos Aires and Ushuaia, a Tierra del Fuego National Park coach tour with lunch, and a parka and vest to keep. Four days are planned on the Antarctic Peninsula.

    from $14,799about $1,480 a day

    View

  • Cruise to the Antarctic Circle (SH Diana)

    Swan Hellenic · SH Diana · 14 days · Ushuaia, Argentina (Buenos Aires hotel night and charter flight included) to Ushuaia, Argentina (charter flight to Buenos Aires included) · Sail both ways · February

    Fare details

    Oceanview stateroom on SH Diana, Feb 24, 2027: $14,850 per person, two sharing (solo travelers pay a single supplement), Cruise Plus fare; read Oct 15, 2026. Includes a Buenos Aires hotel night on Feb 23, charter flights both ways, drinks, gratuities and port taxes. Eight days are planned along the Antarctic Peninsula, aiming to sail beyond the Antarctic Circle at 66°33′S. SH Diana's only Antarctic Circle departure in 2026-27.

    from $14,850about $1,061 a day

    View

  • Cruise to the Antarctic Circle (SH Vega)

    Swan Hellenic · SH Vega · 14 days · Ushuaia, Argentina (Buenos Aires hotel night and charter flight included) to Ushuaia, Argentina (charter flight to Buenos Aires included) · Sail both ways · December, March

    Fare details

    Balcony stateroom on SH Vega, Mar 12, 2027: $14,950 per person, two sharing (solo travelers pay a single supplement), Cruise Plus fare; Oceanview showed Price on request; read Oct 15, 2026. The Dec 22, 2026 departure, which returns on Jan 4, shows from $20,000. Includes a Buenos Aires hotel night, charter flights both ways, drinks, gratuities and port taxes. Eight Peninsula days are planned, aiming to sail beyond the Antarctic Circle at 66°33′S.

    from $14,950about $1,068 a day

    View

  • Antarctic Explorer

    Viking Expeditions · Viking Octantis · 13 days · Buenos Aires, Argentina (charter flight to Ushuaia included) to Ushuaia, Argentina (charter flight to Buenos Aires included) · Sail both ways · December to February

    Fare details

    Lowest published fare, Nordic Balcony (N2), per person, two sharing, on Viking Octantis, Feb 8 and Feb 19, 2027, in Viking's Fall Sale, which expires Oct 31, 2026 (standard fare $15,999). Viking Polaris alternates departures. Includes a Buenos Aires hotel night and charter flights between Buenos Aires and Ushuaia; flights from the US $999 extra on those dates.

    from $14,999about $1,154 a day

    View

Lowest published price per person in the operator's currency, checked October 15, 2026. Taxes, flights and single supplements vary.

Places in Antarctica

Antarctic Peninsula

Planning an Antarctic Peninsula cruise: how long trips last, where ships land, the best month by temperature and wildlife, landing rules, ship sizes and starting fares.

Ross Sea

The far side of Antarctica, south of New Zealand: the few ships that go and what they cost, Scott's and Shackleton's huts, McMurdo, Mount Erebus and the Ross Sea's wildlife.

South Georgia

Where South Georgia is and how to visit it: which voyages go and what they cost, whether the extra week is worth it, the best months, the wildlife and the government's rules.

Weddell Sea

The ice-bound sea east of the Antarctic Peninsula: which voyages go in and what they cost, the odds of reaching the Snow Hill emperor penguins, and where Shackleton's Endurance lies.

Plan the trip

How cold is Antarctica? Weather by month

Antarctic temperatures by month from station records: highs, lows, wind and sea ice on the Peninsula, South Georgia and the Falklands, plus the South Pole and the records.

Small vs large expedition ship: which is best for Antarctica?

How passenger numbers change your time ashore in Antarctica: IAATO's size groups, the landing sites closed to bigger ships, fares by ship size, and all 35 ships we cover by guests, age and ice class.

What is an expedition cruise?

What sets an expedition cruise apart from a regular cruise: Zodiac landings, guide teams, ice-class ships and IAATO and AECO rules, with 2026-27 costs per day and who it suits.

How do you get to Antarctica?

Every route to Antarctica for 2026-27: ships from Ushuaia, fly-cruises from Chile, the Ross Sea from New Zealand, private jets to the interior and big cruise ships, with time, cost and who each suits.

What are the best expedition ships for Antarctica?

The best Antarctic expedition ships by traveler type, with each pick's guests, share ashore at once, ice class, price per day and who should skip it, plus build years and stabilizers.

Sources

  1. 1.About the Continent, U.S. Antarctic Program, U.S. National Science Foundation. Accessed October 15, 2026.
  2. 2.IAATO Overview of Antarctic Vessel Tourism: The 2025-26 Season, and Preliminary Estimates for 2026-27 (ATCM 48 IP 200 rev. 1), International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO). Accessed October 14, 2026.
  3. 3.Frequently asked questions, International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO). Accessed October 14, 2026.
  4. 4.Visitor Permit Fee Update, 3 June 2026, Government of South Georgia & the South Sandwich Islands. Accessed October 14, 2026.
  5. 5.Antarctica - Whale watching | PLA32-27, Oceanwide Expeditions. Accessed October 14, 2026.
  6. 6.Dates & Rates: Antarctica & Arctic Cruises (m/v Ortelius and m/v Plancius tables, 2026-27 to 2027-28), Oceanwide Expeditions. Accessed October 15, 2026.
  7. 7.Dates and Rates, Quark Expeditions. Accessed October 14, 2026.
  8. 8.Antarctica: Sail & Fly the Drake Passage: Puerto Williams to King George Island, Silver Wind, Oct 20 to 29, 2026 (voyage WI261020009), Silversea Cruises. Accessed October 15, 2026.
  9. 9.Antarctic Explorer: Discovering the 7th Continent, Quark Expeditions. Accessed October 14, 2026.
  10. 10.Highlights of Antarctica Expedition Cruise (12 days, round-trip flights from Buenos Aires), HX Expeditions (Hurtigruten Expeditions). Accessed October 14, 2026.
  11. 11.Iconic Antarctica Expedition Cruise: The Explorer’s Route (16 days, round-trip flights from Buenos Aires), HX Expeditions (Hurtigruten Expeditions). Accessed October 14, 2026.
  12. 12.Falkland Islands, South Georgia, Antarctic Peninsula, m/v Plancius, 23 November to 11 December 2026 (PLA23-26), Oceanwide Expeditions. Accessed October 14, 2026.
  13. 13.Atlantic Odyssey, excl. Antarctic Peninsula, m/v Plancius, 4 to 27 April 2027 (PLA33-27), Oceanwide Expeditions. Accessed October 15, 2026.
  14. 14.Antarctica & Falklands Expedition Cruise (19 days, Buenos Aires to Montevideo), HX Expeditions (Hurtigruten Expeditions). Accessed October 14, 2026.
  15. 15.Ultimate Antarctica Adventure from Ushuaia to Dunedin, SH Minerva, Feb 3, 2027 (M0327020332), Swan Hellenic. Accessed October 15, 2026.
  16. 16.In the Wake of Scott & Shackleton: Ross Sea Antarctica (28 days, Heritage Adventurer): itinerary, departures and prices, Heritage Expeditions. Accessed October 15, 2026.
  17. 17.South Pole Flights (6-day trip from Punta Arenas), Antarctic Logistics & Expeditions (ALE). Accessed October 15, 2026.
  18. 18.Dates & Rates, all itineraries by season, White Desert. Accessed October 15, 2026.
  19. 19.Antarctica: Fly the Drake Passage: King George Island to King George Island, Silver Endeavour, Oct 20 to 26, 2026 (voyage EV261020006), Silversea Cruises. Accessed October 15, 2026.
  20. 20.Antarctica Direct: Fly the Drake Passage (8, 9 or 10 days, Puerto Natales round trip), Lindblad Expeditions. Accessed October 14, 2026.
  21. 21.Scott & Shackleton’s Antarctic - Ross Sea Expedition: from Jan 25, 27 to Feb 15, 27 | PONANT United States, PONANT. Accessed October 15, 2026.
  22. 22.Site Guidelines for Visitors: Paulet Island (2025), Secretariat of the Antarctic Treaty. Accessed October 15, 2026.
  23. 23.Site Guidelines for Visitors: Brown Bluff (2019), Secretariat of the Antarctic Treaty. Accessed October 15, 2026.
  24. 24.Emperor Penguin Quest: Expedition to Snow Hill, Quark Expeditions. Accessed October 14, 2026.
  25. 25.Emperor Penguins (9-day Gould Bay camp trip), Antarctic Logistics & Expeditions (ALE). Accessed October 14, 2026.
  26. 26.Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri: species factsheet, BirdLife International (Data Zone). Accessed October 14, 2026.
  27. 27.South Georgia Terrestrial Protected Area: description of the protected features (October 2023), Government of South Georgia & the South Sandwich Islands. Accessed October 14, 2026.
  28. 28.Records of Weather and Climate Extremes Table (as of 31 July 2025), World Meteorological Organization. Accessed October 15, 2026.
  29. 29.The Antarctic Treaty (1959), text, Secretariat of the Antarctic Treaty. Accessed October 15, 2026.
  30. 30.Antarctica: Exploring the Peninsula & South Georgia: Puerto Williams to Puerto Williams, Silver Cloud, Nov 9 to 24, 2026 (voyage E4261109015), Silversea Cruises. Accessed October 15, 2026.
  31. 31.Antarctica & the Falklands: Sail & Fly the Drake Passage: King George Island to Puerto Williams, Silver Endeavour, Jan 2 to 15, 2027 (voyage EV270102013), Silversea Cruises. Accessed October 15, 2026.
  32. 32.22-Day South America & Antarctica (Oosterdam), fares, Holland America Line. Accessed October 14, 2026.
  33. 33.NSF McMurdo Station, U.S. National Science Foundation, Office of Polar Programs. Accessed October 15, 2026.
  34. 34.Mt. Erebus, Antarctica (PIA20239, ASTER image, January 15, 2016), NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Accessed October 15, 2026.
  35. 35.Scott Base: Our Facilities (Antarctica New Zealand), Antarctica New Zealand. Accessed October 15, 2026.
  36. 36.Weddell Sea: In search of the Emperor Penguin, incl. helicopters, m/v Ortelius, 15 to 25 November 2026 (OTL22-26), Oceanwide Expeditions. Accessed October 14, 2026.
  37. 37.Ross Sea Odyssey (26 days, Hobart to Dunedin): dates, cabin prices, itinerary and inclusions, Aurora Expeditions. Accessed October 15, 2026.
  38. 38.Epic Antarctica: Crossing the 7th Continent (Dunedin to Ushuaia): dates, cabin prices, itinerary and inclusions, Aurora Expeditions. Accessed October 15, 2026.